2005 HUMAN-COMPETITIVE AWARDS—THE HUMIES

 


Last updated March 28, 2006


THE 2005 “HUMIES” AWARDS

Techniques of genetic and evolutionary computation are being increasingly applied to difficult real-world problems—often yielding results that are not merely interesting and impressive, but competitive with the work of creative and inventive humans.

At the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) in Seattle in June 2004, $5,000 in 2004 awards for human-competitive results were awarded for six human-competitive results that had been produced by some form of genetic and evolutionary computation in the previous year. These six results brought the total number of identified human-competitive results produced by genetic and evolutionary computation to 42 (as of September 2004).

Entries are now being solicited for awards totaling $10,000 for 2005 awards for human-competitive results that have been produced by any form of genetic and evolutionary computation (e.g., genetic algorithms, genetic programming, evolution strategies, evolutionary programming, learning classifier systems, grammatical evolution, etc.) and that are published in the open literature between July 1, 2004 and the deadline for 2005 entries is Monday June 20, 2005. The publication may be a GECCO paper (i.e., regular paper, poster paper, or late-breaking paper) or a paper published elsewhere in the open literature (e.g., journal, another conference, technical report, thesis, book, book chapter) or a paper in final form that has been unconditionally accepted and is “in press” (that is, the entry must be identical to something that will be published momentarily and not an intermediate draft version).

An automatically created result is “human-competitive” if it satisfies at least one of the eight criteria below.

(A) The result was patented as an invention in the past, is an improvement over a patented invention, or would qualify today as a patentable new invention.

(B) The result is equal to or better than a result that was accepted as a new scientific result at the time when it was published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

(C) The result is equal to or better than a result that was placed into a database or archive of results maintained by an internationally recognized panel of scientific experts.

(D) The result is publishable in its own right as a new scientific result ¾ independent of the fact that the result was mechanically created.

(E) The result is equal to or better than the most recent human-created solution to a long-standing problem for which there has been a succession of increasingly better human-created solutions.

(F) The result is equal to or better than a result that was considered an achievement in its field at the time it was first discovered.

(G) The result solves a problem of indisputable difficulty in its field.

(H) The result holds its own or wins a regulated competition involving human contestants (in the form of either live human players or human-written computer programs).

Presentations of entries will be made at the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2005). The awards and prizes will be announced and presented during the GECCO conference. The 2005 judging committee is in formation and will include

· Wolfgang Banzhaf (Editor-in-Chief of Genetic Programming and Evolvable Hardware journal)

· David Goldberg (past chair of International Society of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation)

· Erik Goodman (chair of International Society of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation)

· Riccardo Poli (GECCO-2004 Chair)

· Una-May O’Reilly (GECCO-2005 Chair)

The prize fund will be divided, as the committee decides, among the entries. Every new result deemed by the committee to be human-competitive for the past year will get some cash award. Depending on the committee’s evaluation of the relative merit of the entries, the prize fund may be divided equally or may be divided so as to reflect a ranking among the results deemed to be human-competitive. The committee will divide the prize money equally among co-authors.

Authors are encouraged to nominate their own work. Anyone may call the committee’s attention to particular work by making an entry on behalf of someone else.

No member of the awards committee may be associated with any entry (e.g., academic advisor, collaborator, co-author). No cash prize may be awarded to anyone employed by the company donating the prize funds (i.e., Third Millennium On-Line Products Inc.); however, a result may be entered by such person (but not for cash prize).

RESULTS OF THE 2005 “HUMIES” AWARDS

There were 23 entries. The results of the competition are as follows:

Gold, Silver, and Bronze Awards

 

Author(s)

Paper(s)

Statement on why result is human competitive

$2500 - Gold

Stefan Preble

Hod Lipson

Michal Lipson

Two-dimensional photonic crystals designed by evolutionary algorithms

 

PrebleLipsonAndLipson.txt

 

$2500 - Gold

Randy Bartels

S. Backus

E. Zeek

L. Misoguti

G. Vdovin

I. Chritov

N.M. Murnane

H.C. Kapteyn

Herschel Rabitz 

Learning from Learning Algorithms: Applications to attosecond dynamics of high-harmonic generation

Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent soft-x-rays

 

bartels.txt

 

$0 - Silver

John Koza

Sameer Al-Sakran

Lee Jones

Automated Re-Invention of Six Patented Optical Lens Systems using Genetic Programming

 

KozaAl-SakranJonesHC-SupportDoc.txt

 

$1000 – Silver

Paul Massey

John A Clark

Susan Stepney 

Evolution of a Human-Competitive Quantum Fourier Transform Algorithm Using Genetic Programming

 

clark.txt

 

$1000 – Silver

Fulvio Corno

Edgar Ernesto Sanchez Sanchez

Giovanni Squillero 

Evolving Assembly Programs: How Games Help Microprocessor Validation

 

squilero.txt

 

$1000 – Silver

Richard J. Terrile

Hrand Aghazarian

Michael I. Ferguson

Wolfgang Fink

Terry Huntsberger

Didier Keymeulen

Gerhard Klimeck

Mark Kordon

Seungwon Lee

Boris Oks

Chris Peay

Anastassios Petropoulos

Paul von Allmen

Karl Yee

Evolutionary Computation Technologies for the Automatic Design of Space Systems

Evolutionary Computation applied to the Tuning of MEMS gyroscopes

Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms for Low-Thrust Orbit Transfer Optimization

 

terrile.txt

 

$500 – Bronze

Moshe Sipper

Yaniv Azaria

Ami Hauptman

Yoanatan Shichel

Eran Ziserman

 

Attaining Human-Competitive Game Playing with Genetic Programming

GP-Gammon: Genetically Programming Backgammon Players

GP-Robocode: Using Genetic Programming to Evolve Robocode Players

GP-EndChess: Using Genetic Programming to Evolve Chess Endgame

GP-Gammon: Using Genetic Programming to Evolve Backgammon Players

 

sipper.txt

$500 – Bronze

Uli Grasemann

Risto Miikkulainen

Effective Image Compression using Evolved Wavelets

 

grasemann.txt

 

 

Honorable Mentions

 

Author(s)

Paper(s)

Statement on why result is human competitive

$100 – Honorable Mention

Jonathan Wright

Yi Zhang

An Ageing Operator and Its Use in the Highly Constrained Topological Optimization of HVAC System Design

 

WrightAndZhang.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Joc Cing Tay

Nhu Binh Ho

Evolving Dispatching Rules for Solving the Flexible Job-Shop Problem

 

binh.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Josh Bongard

Reinventing the Wheel: An Experiment in Evolutionary Geometry

 

bongard.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Kuntinee Maneeratana

Kittipong Boonlong

Nachol Chaiyaratana 

Multi-objective optimisation by co-operative co-evolution

 

chaiyaratana.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Daniel Howard

Joseph Kolibal 

Solution of differential equations with Genetic Programming and the Stochastic Bernstein Interpolation

 

howard.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Maarten Keijzer

Martin Baptist

Vladan Babovic

Javier Uthurburu

Determining Equations for Vegetation Induced Resistance using Genetic Programming

 

keijzer.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Shail Patel

Ian Stott

Manmohan Bhakoo

Peter Elliott

Patenting Evolved Bacterial Peptides

 

patel.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Lukas Sekanina

Michal Bidlo

Evolutionary Design of Arbitrarily Large Sorting Networks Using Development

 

sekanina.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

Zheng Yi Wu

Thomas M. Walski

Optimizing Water System Improvement for a Growing Community

 

wu.txt

 

$100 – Honorable Mention

LTC Terry O'Donnell

MAJ Jim Hunter

1LT Richard Barton

Terence Bullett

Steven Best

Genetic Hybrid Antenna Fills the Gap

 

odonnell.txt

 

 

Other Entries

 

Author(s)

Title(s)

Statement on why result is human competitive

 

Joc Cing Tay

Nhu Binh Ho

Evolving Dispatching Rules for Solving the Flexible Job-Shop Problem

 

binh.txt

 

 

Anil Patel

David Davis

Jim Ouimette

Charlie Guthrie

Dave Tuk

John Williams

Tai Nguyen

Optimizing Cyclic Steam Oil Production with Genetic Algorithms

 

davis.txt

 

 

Zong Woo Geem 

Optimal Cost Design of Water Distribution Networks using Harmony Search

 

geem.txt

 

 

Gregory S. Hornby

Seiichi Takamura

Takashi Yamamoto

Masahiro Fujita 

Autonomous Evolution of Dynamic Gaits with Two Quadruped Robots

 

hornby.txt

 

 

Yuji Sato

Ryutaro Kanno

Event-Driven Learning Classifier Systems for Online Soccer Games

 

sato.txt

 

 

Trichy M Kethara Pasupathy

Ravi Teja SeethamRaju

Robert G. Wilhelm 

Evolutionary algorithm for the placement of fluid power valves on a valve stand

 

seethamraju.txt

 

 

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING ENTRIES FOR THE 2005 “HUMIES” AWARDS

The deadline for 2005 entries is Monday June 20, 2005.

All entries (see below for detailed instructions) are to be sent electronically to banzhaf@cs.mun.ca

At the 2005 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2005) to be held in Washington, DC on June 25–29 (Saturday-Wednesday), 2005, short oral presentations (probably 10 minutes) by the finalists will be heard by an awards committee and conference attendees at a special session (2 hours). If the number of entries exceed 11, the awards committee (or a subcommittee thereof) will create a short list of about 11 finalists who will be invited to make oral presentations at the session at the GECCO conference. The oral presentation should primarily focus on why the result qualifies as being human-competitive and only secondarily on the nature of the work itself. In other words, the focus is on why the work being presented should win a prize and not an explanation of the work itself. After the oral presentations, the award committee will meet and consider the presentations. The presenting author for each entry must register for the GECCO conference. The session for presenting human-competitive entries is tentatively scheduled for 10:15 AM – 12:15 AM on Tuesday June 28, 2005, at the GECCO conference in Washington. Participants in the competition should take care to double-check the time and date of this session with the official GECCO conference schedule in case of a possible schedule change (GECCO-2005). People making entries will be notified by e-mail several days after the deadline for entries as to whether or not they are being invited to make a presentation at the session. If a participant in the competition is traveling and therefore unable to receive an e-mail just before the GECCO conference or is unable to receive e-mail at the GECCO conference, the participant should take care to check with the awards committee on site at the conference concerning the question of scheduling of his or her presentation. The awards are tentatively scheduled to be announced at the Wednesday June 29 morning plenary session at the GECCO conference.

This competition is for human-competitive results that have been produced by any form of genetic and evolutionary computation (e.g., genetic algorithms, genetic programming, evolution strategies, evolutionary programming, learning classifier systems, grammatical evolution, etc.) and that are published in the open literature between July 1, 2004 and the deadline for 2005 entries (June 20, 2005). This prize competition is based on published results. The publication may be a GECCO paper (i.e., regular paper, poster paper, or late-breaking paper) or a paper published elsewhere in the open literature (e.g., journal, another conference, technical report, thesis, book, book chapter) or a paper in final form that has been unconditionally accepted in this final form and is “in press” (that is, the entry must be identical to something that will be published momentarily, has a definite and certain citation, and not an intermediate draft version).

An entry consists of two files (one TEXT file and one PDF file).

The TEXT file must contain the following seven items:

(1) the complete title of one (or more) paper(s) published in the open literature describing the work that the author claims describes a human-competitive result,

(2) the name, physical mailing address, e-mail address, and phone number of EACH author of EACH paper,

(3) the name of the corresponding author (to whom notices will be sent concerning the competition),

(4) the abstract of the paper(s),

(5) a list containing one or more of the eight letters (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H) that correspond to the criteria (see above) that the author claims that the work satisfies,

(6) a statement stating why the result satisfies that criteria (use the examples below as a guide as to possible forms of this “statement”), and

(7) a full citation of the paper (that is, author names; publication date; name of journal, conference, technical report, thesis, book, or book chapter; name of editors, if applicable, of the journal or edited book; publisher name; publisher city; page numbers, if applicable).

The PDF file(s) are to contain the paper(s). The first choice is that you send a separate PDF file for each of your paper(s) relating to your work. However, if your publisher requires that your published paper may only appear on your own home page, the second choice is that you send link(s) to the web page containing a PDF file of your paper(s). Be sure that the paper is alone on the web page or easily found on the web page.

Both the text file and the PDF file(s) for each entry will be posted on a web page shortly after the deadline date for entries (for use by the judges and anyone interested) and remain posted on the web as a permanent record of the competition.

Authors are encouraged to enter their own work. A person may make an entry on behalf of someone else; however, the entry must be complete in every respect and the entry must be made with the consent of the actual authors (one of whom must be willing to make a presentation of their work).

ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE OF A “STATEMENT” USING CRITERIA A & F

Harry Jones of The Brown Instrument Company of Philadelphia patented the PID-D2 controller topology in 1942. The PID-D2 controller was an improvement over the PID controller patented in 1939 by Callender and Stevenson. Because the best-of-run controller from generation 32 has proportional, integrative, derivative, and second derivative blocks, it infringes the 1942 Jones patent. Referring to the eight criteria for establishing that an automatically created result is competitive with a human-produced result, the rediscovery by genetic programming of the PID-D2 controller satisfies the following two of the eight criteria:

(A) The result was patented as an invention in the past, is an improvement over a patented invention, or would qualify today as a patentable new invention.

(F) The result is equal to or better than a result that was considered an achievement in its field at the time it was first discovered.

The rediscovery by genetic programming of the PID-D2 controller came about six decades after Jones received a patent for his invention. Nonetheless, the fact that the original human-designed version satisfied the Patent Office’s criteria for patent-worthiness means that the genetically evolved duplicate would also have satisfied the Patent Office’s criteria for patent-worthiness (if only it had arrived earlier than Jones’ patent application).

ADDITIONAL EXAMPLE OF A “STATEMENT” USING CRITERIA B, D, E, F & G

The 1942 Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules for PID controllers were a significant development in the field of control engineering. These rules have been in widespread use since they were invented.

The 1995 Åström-Hägglund tuning rules were another significant development. They outperform the 1942 Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules on the industrially representative plants used by Åström and Hägglund. Åström and Hägglund developed their improved tuning rules by applying mathematical analysis, shrewdly chosen approximations, and considerable creative flair.

The genetically evolved PID tuning rules are an improvement over the 1995 Åström-Hägglund tuning rules.

Referring to the eight criteria for establishing that an automatically created result is competitive with a human-produced result, the creation by genetic programming of improved tuning rules for PID controllers satisfies the following five of the eight criteria:

(B) The result is equal to or better than a result that was accepted as a new scientific result at the time when it was published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

(D) The result is publishable in its own right as a new scientific result—independent of the fact that the result was mechanically created.

(E) The result is equal to or better than the most recent human-created solution to a long-standing problem for which there has been a succession of increasingly better human-created solutions.

(F) The result is equal to or better than a result that was considered an achievement in its field at the time it was first discovered.

(G) The result solves a problem of indisputable difficulty in its field.

EXAMPLE OF SOMETHING THAT MAY BE “DIFFICULT,” BUT NOT “HUMAN-COMPETITIVE”

Although the solution produced by genetic programming for this problem is, in fact, better than a human-produced solution, that fact alone does not qualify the result as “human-competitive” under the eight criteria for human-competitiveness. The fact that a problem appears in a college textbook is not alone sufficient to establish the problem’s difficulty or importance. A textbook problem might, or might not, satisfy one or more of the eight criteria.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE 2004 “HUMIES” AWARDS

Click here for tables showing the 11 entries in 2004, the 11 “statements” of “human-competitiveness” for 2004, and the slides for the 11 presentations for 2004 for the $5,000 in 2004 awards for human-competitive results.


· For information about the annual 2006 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO) conference (which includes the annual GP conference) to be held on July 8-12, 2006  (Saturday – Wednesday) in Seattle.

· Click here for tables showing the 23 entries in 2004, the “statements” of “human-competitiveness,” and the slides for the presentations for the $10,000 in awards for 2005 human-competitive results

· Click here for tables showing the 11 entries in 2004, the “statements” of “human-competitiveness,” and the slides for the presentations for the $5,000 in awards for 2004 for human-competitive results.

· The home page of Genetic Programming Inc. at www.genetic-programming.com.

· For information about the field of genetic programming and the field of genetic and evolutionary computation, visit www.genetic-programming.org

· The home page of John R. Koza (including online versions of most published papers)

· For information about John Koza’s course on genetic algorithms and genetic programming at Stanford University

· Information about the 1992 book Genetic Programming: On the Programming of Computers by Means of Natural Selection, the 1994 book Genetic Programming II: Automatic Discovery of Reusable Programs, the 1999 book Genetic Programming III: Darwinian Invention and Problem Solving, and the 2003 book Genetic Programming IV: Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence. Click here to read chapter 1 of Genetic Programming IV book in PDF format.

· 4,000+ published papers on genetic programming (as of November 28, 2003) in a searchable bibliography (with many on-line versions of papers) by over 880 authors maintained by William Langdon’s and Steven M. Gustafson.

· For information on the Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines journal published by Kluwer Academic Publishers

· For information on the Genetic Programming book series from Kluwer Academic Publishers, see the Call For Book Proposals